By the turn of the twentieth century, the single largest migration to Canada had been that of a sect of radical pacifists from Russia. With origins in the seventeenth century, Doukhobors and Mennonites dissented from the Orthodox Church as well as the czar, staging nonviolent uprisings and opting for communal living. Persecution in their homeland would lead them to migrate to the Canadian prairies, where massive tracts of land had just been parceled out by the predominantly Anglo-Saxon government through a series of treaties with Indigenous nations (whose written and oral agreements remain